GEORGIA  MILITARY CIVIL WAR PRISONS  ANDERSONVILLE + Savannah
(Diary of Rev H. Clavreul)

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DIARY OF REV. H. CLAVREUL
WITH THE NAMES OF DYING FEDERAL
SOLDIERS TO WHOM HE MINISTERED
AT ANDERSONVILLE, GA.


JULY AND AUGUST, 1864


Edited by George Robbins, “K ", 16th Connecticut Infantry, one of
the "Plymouth Pilgrims"
Waterbury, Conn., April, 1910


Published by
THE CONNECTICUT ASSOCIATION
OF EX-PRISONERS OF WAR


Introduction


Waterbury, Conn., March 28, 1910.


In February 1907, in a conversation with the Rt. Rev. Mgr. W. J.
Slocum of this city, just returned from Florida, I was told that
he had met at Saint Augustine, Fla., a Catholic priest, the Very
Rev. H. Clavreul, V. G., who, during July and August, 1864,
assisted the Rev. Father Whelan in administering the last rites of
his church to the dying Federal prisoners confined in the stockade
at Andersonville, Ga., and who had a record of his observations
made while there, also a list of those to whom he ministered both
there, and later, at Savannah, Ga.


Realizing the value of such a record to all survivors of that
prison, I secured, through Mgr. Slocum., a copy of this record for
the use of the Connecticut Association of Ex-Prisoner's of War,
who had, at their annual meeting, raised a committee charged with
the authority to procure this record, if possible.


On the death of Mgr. Slocum, October 23, 1908, the writer secured
the permission of Fr. Clavreul to make such use of his record as
was thought best, and, after long delay, it is now placed before
the public.


Fr. Clavreul's letter of transmission is here given.


                            GEORGE ROBBINS.


Cathedral,
St. Augustine, Fla.,
July 10, 1908.



Very Rev. W. J. Slocum,
Waterbury, Conn.
Very Rev_ Sir: I mailed to your address a week ago a copy of what
I wrote at the time I attended the Federal prisoners at
Andersonville, Ga., July 15th, to August 20th, 1864. I mail you
today the names of the prisoners I attended both at Andersonville,
and at Savannah, Ga.


A few names may have been omitted, not having been entered on my
diary or else having disappeared. Thanking you for the interest
you take in a work so dear to me, the remembrance of which I will
carry to the grave, and begging your prayers, I am,
Yours in Xo,
H. CLAVREUL.


THE DIARY.


It was in July 1864 that I left Savannah for Andersonville, being
sent there to help the venerable Father Whelan who had been
ministering to the prisoners since March. Their number kept
increasing owing to the advance of the Federals towards Georgia,
being estimated at the time at thirty thousand. Father Whelan was
already an old man, over sixty years of age. He assisted the
prisoners not only by his ministrations as a priest, but also by
material help, through his influence among the Catholics of
Georgia. As for me, unknown and without influence, I could only
weep over the miseries I hourly witnessed.


The comfort I brought them were the consolations of religion, and
these, I may truly say, I gave with all the zeal and energy God's
grace enabled me to impart. The following I take from my diary,
written at the stockade prison, July 15, to August 2o, 1864. I
must remark that some of my statements may not be entirely
correct. I had during the thirty-six days I spent in the stockade,
no information from the outside world, no newspapers to read. The
prisoners, on the other hand, who were my only associates were in
the same predicament.


The diary opens with the names of 390 prisoners to whom I
administered the sacraments of penance and extreme unction.


The sick were for a time lying within the enclosure of the
stockade in the open air. It was only later on that the worst
cases were taken to a hospital, where they had tents. All those
whom I administered I found in a dying condition and have little
doubt that they died on the very spot where I had found them.


The stockade covered some twenty acres. It stood away from all
habitations, in the midst of what must have been the piney woods.


All the trees had been cut down, so there was no protection left
against the sun or the rain. A palisade or fence twelve feet high,
made of the trunks of trees set upright in the ground formed the
inclosure. Outside the stockade, eight or ten feet above the
ground was a platform, where, every hour of the day and of the
night one could hear the pacing of the sentries, and at each
recurring hour of the night, the call. "Post No. I. eight o'clock
and all's well." taken up by No. 2, and so the entire round, and
sometimes the report of a musket, telling that a prisoner had been
shot within the "dead line," which ran inside the inclosure and
which the prisoners were warned not to pass under the penalty of
being shot. The injunction however, was not always heeded and not
unfrequently some unfortunate prisoner, whilst attempting to cross
over, either through recklessness or whilst demented through
sickness and suffering, was found lying dead within the fatal
line. I shall not attempt a description of the sufferings which we
witnessed, whatever may be said or written about it, will remain
always below the stern reality. Spite of the awful mortality which
for some weeks reached the appalling figure of 12o and upwards a
day, the number of the prisoners kept increasing, as most of the
soldiers captured in the battles fought in Tennessee or Northern
Georgia at the time, were sent to Andersonville; numbers of them
having been wounded on the battlefield.


The food consisted of unbolted corn meal and cow peas with now and
then vegatables sent by the country people of the neighborhood..


As most of the prisoners suffered from the scurvy, sore gums and
loose teeth, they could not eat the coarse food, and thus numbers
of them died with their allowance of corn bread nearby.


Starvation, however, was not the only cause of the terrible
mortality which in these eight weeks must have carried off some
eight thousand victims. Exposure to the inclemency of the weather
was another, the stockade being entirely bare, and besides, with
not a tent under which to find shelter. The clothes the prisoners
had on when they arrived soon became mere rags,-thousands were met
without a shred of clothing stark naked, who were busy burrowing
in the ground to find protection against the rain or the scorching
rays of a mid-summer sun.


To the scurvy was added the diarhoea. In the middle of the
stockade between banks slightly inclining, was a branch of running
water.


The ground trodden by thousands, had soon become boggy, making it
impossible for many among the sick to extricate themselves from
the mire. The hospital was a mile from the stockade. It had tents
but no floor, only the bare ground. There it was that most of the
cases not utterly hopeless were carried. The removal took place,
generally, in the forenoon after the morning inspection made by
the surgeons near the entrance of the stockade.


There and for hundreds of yards back lay, stretched on the ground,
thousands of sick, brought by comrades, the greater number,
however, lying still, the inspection over, on the very spot where
they had been placed a few hours before, who, in tones of
indescribable agony were crying for water to allay their thirst,
intensified by the continued exposure to a broiling sun. The
unchecked advance of Sherman's army upon Atlanta, the fear of a
raid upon the stockade. led to the transfer of a large part of the
prisoners to points more remote .from the seat of war. The
transfer began in the first days of September. 1864, and before
the end of the month ten thousand prisoners had been removed from
Andersonville to Savannah and Charleston.


On the loth day of August, that is, thirty-six days after my
arrival at Andersonville. I was taken sick with continued
vomiting.


Father Whelan decided that I should leave, and so I took the train
back to Savannah whilst the heroic old priest retraced his steps
to the stockade. On the 24th day of September I had sufficiently
recovered to be able to resume, among the Federal prisoners in
Savannah, the work I had begun in Andersonville. In this place the
prisoners fared better than at Andersonville. They had tents,
whilst the charity of the people there provided them with clothes
and blankets, as also with medicine. From September 21st, to
October 6th, I administered the sacraments to seventy prisoners.
In the month of November the exchange of prisoners so long
deferred, took place, soon followed by the surrender of Savannah,
December 2I St, 1864. Owing to the skirmishing between the van-
guard of Sherman's army and the Confederates, every hour of the
day and night, wounded soldiers of both armies were brought in,
whose condition required the immediate services of the priest.


After a Novena begun on the Feast of the Immaculate Conception, we
had the 40 hours devotion, to ask God to avert the dangers which
threatened the city.


On December 21st. Savannah having surrendered, the Federals made
their entrance in the morning, the yells and hurrah's of the
soldiers re-echoing through the Cathedral, where I was assisting
the Bishop saying Mass. For the accomodation of the sick and the
wounded, public buildings, hotels, and private houses had been
transformed into hospitals where the priest had hourly calls. My
services, however, were soon called elsewhere. In April, 1865. the
small-pox broke out among the thousands of refugees, white and
black, who had followed in the train of the invading army. The
infected were sent to Fort Boggs, one and a half miles from the
city. As at Andersonville, the priest was the only clergyman to
at-tend the victims of the dread disease. Referring to
Andersonville. I must mention something I loathe to relate. At the
entrance to the hospital. there stood a wooden shed 5ox3o feet.
called the "Dead House." where the bodies of those who had died
within the past twenty-four hours were laid on the bare ground.


Often, toward mid-day, on my way back to our shack, (a wooden hut
12x8 feet. a mile from the stockade where we ate and slept.) to
partake of our scant dinner of corn bread, cow peas, and parched
corn coffee. I walked the narrow aisle of the dismal room, where
lay in four rows, 120 corpses, the few shreds of clothing found on
them at the time they died thrown over their emaciated bodies. In
front of this shed were the wagons drawn by four mules to carry, a
mile away, the dead to be buried in shallow trenches. Not a day
passed that I did not meet the gruesome sight of these wagons,
piled with bodies, heads, feet, or arms dangling from the vehicle
transporting them to their final .rest.


I take from my diary, written at the stockade at Andersonville,
the names of the Federal prisoners to whom I administered the
sacraments of penance and extreme unction, from July 15 to August
20, 1864.


July 15th


James Devine, 43 yrs., Ireland.
Jos. Buchannan, 45 yrs., Ireland.
Jos. Martin, 16 yrs., Canada.
Blasius Yakes, 24 yrs., Germany.
James Lee, 21 yrs., Penna.
Jas. McDermott, 24 yrs., Ireland.
Jas. C. Street, 53 yrs., Ireland.
Jas. McFarland, 36 yrs., Ireland
D. J. Crowley, 18 yrs., Boston.
Chas. Hawk, 31 yrs., Ohio (bapt.)


July 16th


Edward Connor, 23 yrs., Ireland.
Henry David, 32 yrs., Ireland.
Francis Wood, 21 yrs., Ireland.
Henry Hollman, 25 yrs., N. Y.
Wm. Winter, 25 yrs., Germany.
Frank Kepler, 17 yrs., N. Y.
Peter Madden, 54 yrs., Ireland.
Patrick Hogan, 25 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Plummer, 14 yrs., Penna.
John Hurley, 24 yrs., Ireland.
Aug. Tolbeck, 19 yrs., Germany.
Michael Kenney, 28 yrs., Ireland.


July 17th


Corn Dacey, 25 yrs., Canada.
Nich. Schwartz, 17 yrs., Germany.
Isidor Myers, 26 yrs., Germany.
Fred Miller, 24 yrs., Germany.
Bart. Griffin, 25 yrs., Missouri.
Andrew Piche, 29 yrs., Canada.
D. G. Kearney, 25 yrs., Ireland.
Jos. Gross, 20 yrs., Germany.
Jos. Schmitz, 22 yrs., Germany.
Jos. Voneau, 40 y-s., France.
Fred Rosignal, 36 yrs., Canada.
Peter W4ener, 30 yrs., Germany.
J. Tomalson, 34 yrs., Virginia (baptized)


July 18th


Chas. Reilly, 21 yrs., Wisconsin.
Jos. Fremont, 30 yrs., Baden.
Jas. Thompson, 20 yrs., Penna.
Jonas Jones, 43 yrs., Wales.
John Hurley, 33 yrs., Ireland.
Bernard Meehan, 39 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Brown, 46 yrs., Ireland.
Jas. McGuire, 35 yrs., Ireland.
Aime' Deemond, 28 yrs., Canada.
John Kenny, 21 yrs., Ireland.
Conrad Walz, 20 yrs., Wittenburg.
Alfred Feely, 25 yrs., Cleveland,
G. Philip Matura, 30 yrs., Naples.
James Smith, 17 yrs., Penna.
Wm. McGrath, 36 yrs., Ireland.
J. McCarren, 30 yrs., Phila., Pa.
Patrick Flynn, 19 yrs., Ireland.
David Kelley, 40 yrs., Ireland.
Thos. Solean, 50 yrs., Michigan..
Patrick E. Cleary, 18 yrs., B. I. Conn. Cav., Hartford.


July 19th


David Jones, 23 yrs., Tenn.
Jacques Braun, 28 yrs., Alsace.
Geo. W. Hinn, 24 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Goodman, 28 yrs., Penna.
M. O'Connor, 20 yrs., Ireland.
Henry McVeagh, 36 yrs., Liverp'l.
Antonius, Prussia.
Fred Schmitz, 26 yrs., Switzerl'd.
Chas. Myers, 30 yrs., Switzerl'd.
Thos. Molloy, 22 yrs., Ireland.
Louis Feiger, 25 yrs., Wittenburg.
Jas. Deacon, 50 yrs., Ireland.
Jacob Kuremburg, 30 yrs.., Ger.
Thos. Harrington, Liverpool (att. by Fr. Verot)
Michael Whalen, 40 yrs., Ireland.
Henri Gruet, 40 yrs., Paris, Fr.


July 20th


John Mailley, 16 yrs., Boston.
Hy. Laboute', 21 yrs., Vermont.


July 21st


Wm. Bible, 29 yrs., Baden.
John Sweeney, 35 yrs., Ireland.
Jos. Bricker, 30 yrs., Strasbourg.


July 22nd


Michael Miller, 30 yrs., Germany.
Wm. Gallaher, 37 yrs., Ireland.
Daniel Miller, 19 yrs., Baltimore.
Wm. Maloney, 27 yrs., Ireland.
Andrew Scott, 50 yrs., Penna.
John Doherty, 41 yrs., Ireland.


July 23rd


Jas. O'Keefe, 33 yrs., Ireland. (his bro. Michael, had R. I. P.)
Michael King, 20 yrs.
Jno. Donaldson, 35 yrs., Ireland.
Pat'k. Sullivan, 28 yrs., Ireland.
Pat'k. Grey, 44 yrs., Ireland.
Benj. Schneider, 40 yrs., Germ'y.
James Walsh, 22 yrs., Boston Mas.
Wm. C. Gordon, 43 yrs., Maine.
John Sheehan, 23 yrs., Ireland.


July 24th


Jos. Scanlon, 44 yrs., England.
Thos. Frantz, Germany.
John Connelly, 27 yrs., Canada.
John Enright, 24 yrs., Boston.
Arthur Redmer, 35 yrs., Germany.
Wm. Gallahan, 30 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Dixon, 20 yrs., New York.
Martin Pilger, 33 yrs., Germany.
James N , 45 yrs., Tenn.
Edward Mahan, 38 yrs., Ireland.
John Park, 28 yrs., Tenn. (bapt.)
M'ch'l. Kennedy, 23 yrs., Ireland.
Rudolph , 35 yrs., Switz'd.



July 25th


Thos. Mulvaney, 40 yrs., Ireland.
Chas. Lehman, 20 yrs., Penna.
Jas. McGuire, 28 yrs., Ireland.
Mich=l.-Harsey, 28 yrs., Ireland.
Richard Hyde, 28 yrs., Boston.
Jas. Hepary, 30 yrs., Ireland.
John Cleen, 22 yrs., New York.
Dennis Griffin, 22 yrs., Ireland.
Thos. Haley, 24 yrs., Ireland.
Chas. Scheider, 42 yrs., Bavaria.
Arthur Whelan, 40 yrs., Ireland.
Ind. Yonker, 29, yrs. Upper Can'a.
Thos. J. Mattingly, 23 yrs., Maine.
Frank Miller, 32 yrs., Penna.


July 26th


Dennis Costello, 18 yrs., Ireland.
William Creed, 22 yrs., Ireland.
Lawrence Murphy, 28 yrs., IreI'd.
Geo. W. Williams., 32 yrs., Irel'd.
Chas. Miller, 24 yrs., New York.
Jno. H. McMahon, 22 yrs., Ind.
Archibald Hamil, 39 yrs., Ireland.
Thos. J. Brady, 34 yrs., Ireland.
Edward Walsh, 24 yrs., N. Y.


July 27th


J. J. McGee, 18 yrs., Phila.
Pens Bauman, 18 yrs., Baden.
Dan Ryan, 35 yrs., Co. B. 106, N. Y. Infantry, Ireland.
James Quinn, 21 yrs., Co. F. 44, Illinois Infantry, New York.
        Davenport, 33 yrs., Co. K. 18th Mass. Infantry, Ireland.
Jas. Corrigan, Co. E. 140th N. Y. Infantry, Ireland.
Jas. Lewis, 32 yrs., Co. E. 1st N. Y. Light Artillery, Ireland.
Jacob Abel, 20 yrs., Co. I. 140th N. Y. Infantry, Canada.
Peter Montanza, 35 yrs, Belgium.
Jas. Moreau, 19 yrs., Canada.
Jno. Schipper, 34 yrs., Germany.
Michael Perdu, 19 yrs., N. Y.
Pat'k. Kane, 21 yrs., Ireland.
Pierre de Nevil, 22 yrs., Montreal.
Pat. Laraday, 30 yrs., Ireland.
Lewis Young, 24 yrs., Germany.
Jean Balmont, 23 yrs., Savoy.
Miles Flynn, 20 yrs., Ireland.


July 28th


Laurence Dippel, 48 yrs., Germany
Andrew McGucken, 22 yrrs., Co. C. 1st N. Y. Cavalry, Penna.
John Schmitz, 38 yrs., Germany.
Thos. Smith, 31 yrs., Ireland.
Jos. Schneider, 30 yrs. Germany.
Jas. Patterson, 17 yrs., Co. F. 17th Mich. Inf., Upper Canada, (baptized.)
Jas. McCarthy, 25 yrs., Boston.
Mich'l. Cullen, 16 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Boyle, 24 yrs., Ireland.


July 29th


Bernard Calligan, 27 yrs., Co. C. 2nd Ohio Inf., Ireland.
Wm. M. Parker, 20 yrs., Co. H. 124th Ohio Inf. O. (baptized.)
Jos. N. King, 20 yrs., Co. K. 23rd Mich. Inf., Ireland.
Jas. Mooney, 26 yrs., Co. D. 50th Ohio Inf., Ireland.
John Tracy, 50 yrs., Ireland.
Rudolph Schlag, 57 yrs., Ger.
Robt. N. Merritt, 30 yrs., Co. L. 22nd Kentucky Cal., Kentucky.
Raymond P. Herault, 20 yrs., Fr.
Denny Donova, 35 yrs., England.
Jas. Doyle, 33 yrs., Ireland.
Matthias Elliott, 37 yrs., Ohio.


July 30th


Mich'l. Walsh, 35 yrs., Ireland.
John Green, 46 yrs., Upr. Can'a.
John Labohel, 21 yrs., Frankf't.
Jas. Byrne, 23 yrs., Ireland.
Jos. Lungenbahr, 22 yrs., Ger.
Francis Bantley, 25 yrs., Co. H. 5th Conn. Inf., Germany.
Stephen Vick, 24 yrs., Baden.
Jas. Toohey, 25 yrs., Ireland.
Pat. Meagher, 23 yrs., Co. E. 4th Ohio Inf., Ireland.
Mich'l. Martin, 25 yrs., Ireland.
Mich'l. Callahan, 32 yrs., Ireland.


July 31st


Wm. Schwartz, 26 yrs., Germany.
Pat'k. Hanley, 27 yrs., Ireland.
Antoine Harwig, 37 yrs., Ger.
Jno. Monahan, 21 yrs., Ireland.
Edward Carter, 25 yrs., Co. A. 7th N. Y. Hvy. Art., Ireland.
Maurice Harnett, 32 yrs., Ireland.
Albert McGrath, 20 yrs., Ireland.
Mich'l. Wright, 26 yrs., Ireland.
John McCarthy, 26 yrs., Ireland. Co. D. 60th N. Y. Infantry.
Antoine Seteer, 30 yrs.. Germany.


August 1st


Eugene Chargna, 26 yrs., France.
Pat'k. McDermott, 21 yrs., Co. F. 5th Kentucky Inf., Ireland.
Robt. Gardiner, 22 yrs., Co. K. 155th N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
Peter Cronan, 26 yrs., Ireland.
Pat'k. Lacey, 36 yrs., Ireland.
John Ward, 20 yrs., Cork, Irland.
Wm. Lightfoot, 39 yrs., Co. G. 9th Zouave Cal., England.
Clemens Uhlner, 23 yrs., Co. A. 28th Ohio Inf., Prussia.
R. M. Mitchell, 26 yrs., Co. E 17th Kentucky Inf., Kentucky (baptized.)
Edward Nolan, 18 yrs., 16th N. Y. Cal., Ireland.
Chas. McHanna, 32 yrs., Ireland. Jas. Scully, 30 yrs., Ireland.


August 4th


Jno. Gillespie, 31 yrs., Penna.
Hy. Simon, 35 yrs., Canada.
Franklin Leese, 28 yrs., N. Y., (baptized.)
Jas. T. Bailey, Tenn., (bapt.)
John Whalen, 29 yrs., Ireland.
Chas. H. Meuth, 28 yrs., N. Y., (baptized.)


August 5th


Chas. H. Fisher, 28 yrs., Phil., Pa.
Jas. Mooney, 40 yrs., Co. D. 52nd N. Y. Inf., Dublin, Ireland.
John Rohring, 23 yrs., Co. D. 1st Minnesota Inf., Germany.
Pat'k. Gillespie, 22 yrs., Co. G. 36th Mass. Inf., Ireland.
Thos. Farlan, 28 yrs., Ireland.
Mat. Mahoney, 19 yrs., Co. H. 96th Penna. Inf., Upr. Canada.
Pat’k. Sullivan, 29 yrs., Co. F. 9th Mass. Inf., Ireland.
Eugene Coogan, 21 yrs., Co. C. 9th Mass Inf., Brooklyn, N. Y.
Chas. Kelley, 23 yrs., Co. F. 62nd Penna. Inf., Arkansas.
Timothy Sullivan, 35 yrs., Co. E. 76th Ohio Inf., Ireland.
Bart. Nooney, 21 yrs., Ireland.
Miles Shea, 19 yrs., Co. H. 7th Conn. Inf., Ireland.


August 6th


Francis Petrat, 40 yrs., Co. C. 12th N. Y. Cav., Canada.
Simon Lestey, 25 yrs., Co. D. Ohio Inf., Ireland.
Michael Riordan, 30 yrs., Co. H. 148th N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
John Brennan, 29 yrs., Co. B. 3rd Kentucky Inf., Canada.
Bernard McCann, 29 yrs., Co. A. 63rd N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
William Marggraff, 39 yrs., Ger.
John Dacey, 21 yrs., Co. A. 63rd N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
Jerry O'Brion, 58 yrs., Co. F. 65th N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
James Hackett, 26 yrs., Co. D. 50th Penna. Inf., Ireland.
Louis Boldeau, 27 yrs., Co. 26th Mass. Inf., Canada.
Wm. Reilly, 28 yrs., Ireland.


August 7th


Hugh McFarland, 28 yrs., Co. L. 1st Wisconsin Cav., Ireland.
Olive Lewin, 20 yrs., Co. H. 1st Vermont Inf., Canada.
Joseph Benoit, 23 yrs., Co. D. 1st Vermont Inf., Canada.
John D. Cruin, 33 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Faulkner, 23 yrs., Germany.


August 8th


Timothy O'Carroll, 17 yrs., Co. A. 69th N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
William McCormick, 43 yrs., Co. I, 2nd N. Y. Art., Ireland.
Edward Demel, 43 yrs., Co. G. 9th N. J. Inf., Ireland.
Charles Callahan, 40 yrs., Co. F. 39th Ill. Inf., Ireland.
Thomas Cheshorn, 20 yrs., Co. F. 2nd Rhode Island Inf., Halifax.
Joseph I. Clyems, 41 yrs., Co. B. 147 N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
Charles Marchut, 20 yrs., Co. F. 28th Mass. Inf., Canada.
Joseph Ripp, 30 yrs., Co. H. 26th Mass. Inf., Germany.
Michael Cooney, 27 yrs., Co. D. 12th U. S. Inf., Ireland.
William Mitchell, 18 yrs., Co. G. 59th Ohio Inf., Ireland.


August 9th


J. B. Grey, 41 yrs., Co. M. 6th N. Y. Art., New York.
Timothy McCarthy, 32 yrs., Co. E. 25th Mass. Inf., Ireland.
John Lyons, 29 yrs., Co. 2nd Mass. Cav., Ireland.
Michael Reilly, 36 yrs., Co. K. 56th Mass. Inf., Ireland.
Thomas Clancey, 23 yrs., Co. G. 21st Mass. Inf., Ireland.
John Charty, 33 yrs., N. Bruns'k.


August 10th


Thomas O'Connell, 41 yrs., Co. E. 24th Mass. Inf., Ireland.
James H. Gillins, 21 yrs., Co. H. 115th N. Y. Inf., New York.
John Byrnes, 40 yrs., Co. B. 7th Vermont Inf., Ireland.
John Blake, 27 yrs., Co. B. 7th Vermont Inf., Ireland.
Michael Sullivan, 48 yrs., Co. K. 69th N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
Patrick Sweeney, 40 yrs., Co. F. 19th Maine Inf., Ireland.
John Keefe, 29 yrs., Co. L. 8th Penna. Cav.. Ireland.
W. A. Toole, 21 yrs., Co. I. 11th Penna. Inf., Pennsylvania.
James McGarry, 20 yrs., Upr. Can.
Patrick Dolan, 23 yrs., Ireland.
John Ryan, 30 yrs., Ireland.
John Rosenburg, 40 yrs., Ger.


August 11th


Patrick Donahue, 39 yrs., Co. F. 1st Vermont Cav., Ireland.     
Matthew Daley, 22 yrs., Co. I. 7th Penn. Reser. Inf., Ireland.
Thomas Ford, 26 yrs., Co. I. 7th Penn. Reserve Inf., Ireland.
Patrick Gallagher, 38 yrs., Co. B. 18th Mass. Inf., Ireland.
Alexander Navarre, 23 yrs., Co. 17th Mich. Inf., Michigan.
Terrence Moore, 29 yrs., Ireland.
J. G. Jones, 20 yrs., Virg. (bapt.).


August 13th


Jacob Weber, 20 yrs., Indianna.
Jerry Lynch, 35 yrs., Ireland.
Alfred Pepin, 26 yrs., Canada.
James Byrnes, 25 yrs., Ireland.
Nath'l. Roland, 32 yrs., Holland.
Maxime Lupgnan, 47 yrs., Can.



August 14th


James Dunn, 43 yrs., Ireland.   
Arthur Hyde, 32 yrs., Ireland.  
Patrick Grey, 22 yrs., Ireland. _
Simplician Nadot, 17 yrs., Mass.        
Charles N. Allen, 24 yrs., Maine,       
Francois Valee, 59 yrs., Bordeaux, France.
James O'Brien, 40 yrs., Ireland.
Pat. McDermott, 22 yrs., U. S. Reg. Army, Ireland. (baptized.)


August 15th


James Butler, 24 yrs., Co. B. 2nd N. Y. Cav., New York.
Danny Donovan, 35 yrs., London, England.
Wm. Pierson, 19 yrs., Tor., Can.
James Ryan, 22 yrs., N. Y.
Louis Schneed, 32 yrs., Germany.
Jean Marie Kemper, 21 yrs., Rheims, France.
James Burcham, 62 yrs., Ship Carpenter, U. S. N., Hali'x., N.S.
Wm. McQuaid, 21 yrs., Dub., Ire.
Pat. S .Stahler, Penn. (bapt.)
Paul Vancole, 16 yrs., N. J. (bap.)
Henry B. Neale, 58 yrs., Maryl'd., (baptized.)
John McLaughlin, 26 yrs., Ireland.


August 16th


Jerry Griffin, 16 yrs., Penn.   
Daniel Meagher, 27 yrs., Ireland.
Michael Collins, 21 yrs., Penn.
James Haley, 43 yrs., Ireland.
Arthur Towley, 26 yrs., Ireland.
John O'Hara, 45 yrs., Ireland.
Edward Devlin, 49 yrs., Ireland.
David White, 20 yrs., Penn.
Michael Treanor, 32 yrs., Ireland.
John Henny, 20 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Curran, 22 yrs., Ireland.
Selfrid de Chaion, Madrid, Spain.


August 17th


Victor Lenot, 22 yrs., Paris, Fr.       
John Gartland, 40 yrs., Ireland.        
Jno. Mulligan, 29 yrs.. lrela.nd.       
Owen Fagan, 40 yrs., Ireland.   
Anthony Plassinger, 28 yrs., Prsa.
Hyman Solers, 28 yrs., Penn.
Martin Lammereaux, 21 yrs., N.Y.
Nicholas L. Mensher, 24 yrs., Switzerland.
Malchias Loftus, 30 yrs., Ireland.


August 18th


Joseph Meyer, 47 yrs., Germany.
Moue Crondo, 20 yrs., N. Y.
Michel Mezier, 18 yrs., Canada.
Patrick Lynch, 33 yrs., Ireland.
John Bowers, 18 yrs., Ireland.
Jas. Roarque, 35 yrs., Ireland.
Antoine Depas, 21 yrs., Belgium.
Theodore de Frondereaux, 21 yrs., France.
Fredeoric Schamp, 24 yrs., Ger.
Thomas Lalor, 44 yrs., Ireland.
Mich'l. Wagoner, 18 yrs., Ger.
Bernard McGovern, 42 yrs., Ire.


August 19th


John Donnovan, 25 yrs., Ireland.
Edward Lamer, 22 yrs., Canada.
John Brown, 30 yrs., England.
Bernard Evers, 17 yrs., N. Y.
Patrick Morgan, 50 yrs., Dublin.
Thomas Smyth, 28 yrs., Ireland.
Thomas Gransey, 26 yrs., Ireland.
Patrick Holden, 24 yrs., Ireland.
Mich'l. Keating, 33 yrs., Ireland.
Joseph Towns, 26 yrs., Ireland.
Patrick McGlone, 44 yrs., Ireland.
Thomas Picker, 22 yrs., Ireland.
James Flaherty, 17 yrs., Ireland.
Patrick Hogan, 40 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Brennan, 47 yrs., Ireland.
James O'Brien, 43 yrs., Ireland.


   The following day, August 20th, I was seized with vomiting and early that morning left far Savannah. Spent that day and following night on board the train wholly unconscious, recovering my senses only when, on arrival at Savannah they dragged me from under the car seat where I was lying. On September 24th, 1864, I resumed, at Savannah, my ministrations among the 10,000 prisoners who, but a few days before, had been brought from the Andersonville stockade. Following is the list of those to whom I ministered at Savannah.


September 24th, 1864


Adolph Stein, 24 yrs., Germany.
Hector Legendra, 18 yrs., Can.


September 27th


Michael Campbell, 33 yrs., N. Y.


September 27th


Lewis Griffin, 41 yrs., Penn.
Joshua Hevin, 22 yrs., Penn.
Henry Scharkseit, 34 yrs., Ger.
John Frederic, 30 yrs., Germany.



September 29th


Cornelius Stone, 28 yrs., Mich.
John Herrman, 29 yrs., Germany.


September 30th


James Foley, Germany.
John Cannon, 28 yrs., Ireland.


October 1st


Timothy Reilly, 24 yrs., Ireland.
Moise Coule, 28 yrs., Michigan.


October 3rd


David Dennis, 19 yrs., Mass.    
Thos. Williams, 16 yrs., Ohio.  
John Connor, 24 yrs., U. S. Navy.
Hamilton Holmes, - N. Y. (bap.) 
Jos. W. Hemsharp, 16 yrs., Maryland.
Peter Stevenson, 36 yrs., Mass., (baptized.)


October 4th
Michael Rohan, 60 yrs., Ireland.        
Wm. Byrne, 24 yrs., Ireland.    
Timothy Regan, 40 yrs., Ireland.        
John Keefe, 22 yrs., U. S. Navy, Ireland.
Wm. Kroening, 23 yrs., Germany.
Louis Lavonne, 34 yrs., Paris, Fr.


October 5th


Timothy Daley, 23 yrs., Ireland.        
James Byrne, 23 yrs., Ireland.  
Chas. F. Allen, 20 yrs., N. Y. (baptized.)
Antoine Desriviex, 24 yrs., Ver.
Charles Coyle, 40 yrs., Ireland.
C. D. Small, 33 yrs., Maine.
Daniel Shea, 27 yrs., Ireland.


October 6th


Isias St. Courent, 25 yrs., Can.        
Hugh McPartland, 30 yrs., Ire.  
Jas. McCabe, 22 yrs., O., (bapt.)
Stephano Ricardo, 35 yrs., Italy.


October 7th


James Walsh, 34 yrs., Ireland.  
Jos. Laland, 28 yrs., Canada.
Narcisse Larabie, 27 yrs., Can.
John Cummins, 40 yrs., Ireland.
Henri Matthieu, 36 yrs., Canada.


October 8th


Timothy Reilly, 24 yrs., Ireland.       
John Durr, 28 yrs., Germany.    
Louis Kohler, 25 yrs., Germany. 
Geo. Canoway, 17 yrs., N. Y.
John Cahill, 30 yrs., Ireland.
Michael Camp, 33 yrs., Ireland.


October 10th


Wm. Hicks, 22 yrs., Ireland.    
Thos. Fillburn, 32 yrs., Conn.  
Patrick Shields, 33 yrs., Ireland.      
Jas. Connelly, 26 yrs., Ireland.
Barney O'Hara, 20 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Fitzgerald, 18 yrs., Ireland.


October 11th


John Edder, 18 yrs., Germany.   
John Evans, 34 yrs., New York.
John O'Neil, 18 yrs., Ireland.


October 12th


James Parker, 19 yrs., Mass.    
William Ward, 23 yrs., Ireland. 
Henry Layton, 22 yrs., Canada.  
Wm. P. Campbell, 23 yrs., Tenn., (baptized.)
Francis G. Butler, 23 yrs., Tenn. (baptized.)
Paul Reno, 25 yrs., Prussia.
Wm. Barry, 30 yrs., Ireland.


October 14th


Michael Kelley, 28 yrs., Ireland.


October 15th


Fred Miller, 26 yrs., France.


October 17th


Vincent Desloget, 19 yrs., France.


October 25th


Thos. Grimes, 34 yrs., Ireland. 
Jas. Masterson, 28 yrs., N. Y.  
Elbridge Johnston, 47 yrs., Me. (baptized.)
Geo. W. Kirtch, 21 yrs., Virginia., (baptized.)
Alexis Assoneau, 24 yrs., Canada.


October 28th


Owen Tilben, 21 yrs., Ireland.  
Paul Rogers, 25 yrs., Tenn., (baptized.)
Chas. Moore, 21 •yrs., N. Y., (bap.).
Thos. McCarthy, 20 yrs., N. Y.


October 29th


Patrick McCabe, 30 yrs., Ireland.


October 31st


Pat. McGovern, 20 yrs., Ireland.


November 4th


Joseph Kahr, 35 yrs., Germany.
Andrew Schyrd, 34 yrs., Germany.
Matthew Smyth, 22 yrs., (bapt. )


November 7th


Fred Berry, 28 yrs., Indianna.


November 23rd


Theo. Reard, 26 yrs., LeHavre, Fr.
Jean Marie Villard, 38 yrs., Fr.        Montreal.
Napoleon Surprenant, 21 yrs.,



November 24th


Heard confession of 72 Irishmen, names unknown.



The list of dead at Andersonville does not include those prisoners
who were attended by Father Whelan, likely as numerous as those
whom I myself attended. With the list, the diary I wrote at
Andersonville comes to an end: what I am now writing is from
recollection.


Forty-four years have passed, and the scenes which I witnessed
then, remain as vivid in my mind as when enacted under my eyes.


Towards the end of July, 1864, Bishop Verot, with his Vicar
General, Father Dufan, come to Andersonville. During their stay of
two doys they shared with us in our work, attending to the dying.


In the Annals of the Propagation of the Faith, there is an
article, written by the Bishop about his visit to the Federal
prisoners, stating that he had sent there two priests without
however mentioning their names. The prisoners confined in the
stockade at Andersonville and those who later were sent to
Savannah, were all enlisted men.


The only officers I saw were General Winder in command of the
stockade prison, and the unfortunate Major Wirtz. It was from the
latter I got the written permission to visit daily, the prisoners.


Not long ago a friend wrote me from Savannah that Wirtz'sadmirers
in Georgia intended to erect a monument in his honor. Now, I
think, that the poor man is no more worthy of a monument now, than
he was at the time deserving of being hanged. His name should be
forgotten.


He was boorish, profane, although never, to my knowledge, guilty
of the acts of violence and cruelty that were afterward laid to
his charge, being himself the sufferer of conditions he could in
no way help.


Our life at Andersonville was uneventful. After a restless night
spent in our hut on bunks, and a hurried breakfast, 5 o'clock,
found-us every morning at the entrance of the stockade where we
remained-the whole long day till sundown, with one hour of recess
at midday. A stir was occasionly felt, when for instance, long
files of Federal soldiers, captured on the battle-fields which
were then being fought in Tennessee and Northern Georgia, were
marched into the prison.


All eves for the moment, turned in that direction. Five hundred
men, sometimes more, formed in ranks at the R. R. Station a half
mile from the stockade, and from. there were marched to the
prison, guards with loaded muskets on both sides of the ranks,
and, near the stockade a battery of six guns was stationed. on a
slight eminence.


The military bearing of the men, with uniforms still brilliant
and-spotless. was in strong contrast with the wretchedness of the
place where they were soon to be confined. A sudden change was
noticable on their countenances the moment they stepped inside, as
if they then realized the horrors of the situation. They were
often followed by hundreds of their companions more unfortunate
still, who, because of their wounds, had to be carried from the
train, unable as they were to walk or even stand. An incident
which might have proved decisive, with no other result, however,
but a momentary excitement. occurred in the early part of the
month of August. A thunder storm, accompanied by torrential rain
and violent wind amounting to a hurricane, had torn down a portion
of the stockade-enclosure, leaving a gap of a few hundred feet
wide. I saw thousands of the men pressing on towards the gap, near
the dead-line. It was a moment of awful suspense.


The guards outside stood with loaded muskets and fixed bayonets,
the battery in front ready to open at the command. All seemed to
wait for somebody to lead on, but no one took the inniative, and
hardly an hour passed that the stockade had resumed its dead like
appearance. Amidst sufferings which the pen cannot describe, I do
not remember having heard either curses or imprecations on the
part of the prisoners. They seemed to think themselves the victims
of circumstances forced on- the authorities at Washington who, for
fear the war might be prolonged, would not listen to an exchange;
no less than on the Confederates themselves. The crowded condition
of the place in which they were confined, the food insufficient
and loathsome, their clothing in rags. their exposure to the
weather, the suffering which all this entailed, rarely elicited
from them a word of anger.


They seemed to look upon their misfortunes as a visitation from
the Almighty. To this may be ascribed the success of our spiritual
ministrations, not only with the Catholics, but with men of the
various denominations, and those who professed none.


They saw, besides, that the two priests ever in their midst, were
the only clergymen who had volunteered to them their services.


The religious work among the prisoners found expression in the
throngs of individuals we met here and there. bowed down in the
attitude of prayer or listening to a comrade who was reading from
the Bible or addressing to them words of exhortation.


Up to the time I was called to Andersonville my experience with
the army had been confined to the Confederates: first, in
Fernandina, Fla., when early in November, 1861, two thousand men,
infantry and cavalry, garrisoned that place. I was there when the
city surrendered to the L. S. Naval forces, after a short and
desultory resistance.


Leaving Fernandina, a few weeks later, I was, thanks to the
courtesey of the Federal officer in command at Jacksonville,
enabled to cross the lines, at the time skirmishing was rife
between the con-tending armies, on the R. R. line between
Jacksonville and Lake City.


Half-way stands the now historical ground of Olustee where the
bloody battle of that name was fought eighteen months before.


In Savannah, whilst in charge of the orphan boys, I visited the
Confederate soldiers stationed at Thunderbolt and outlying posts,
and at the forts on the Savannah river. The war came to an end, I
was called back to Florida and assigned to the missions of East
Florida, which bti- reason of their proximity to St. Augustine and
Jacksonville, were constantly overrun by large bodies of Federals.
It was there that in my daily intercourse with the country people,
I learned of many incidents, too insignificant indeed to find a
place in a written history of the war, but to which I must now
refer, as they reflect no small credit on the Union soldiers. I
heard, especially, the wives of Confederate officers and soldiers
speak with unstinted praise of the discipline, humanity and daring
courage of the Federals. I recall, especially, an incident which
its principal actor related to me.


It was shortly after St. Augustine had been taken, and Capt. L.,
the narrator, was the leader of a scouting party. Informed that
Col. Noble, in command of a regiment recruited in Connecticut, the
17th Infantry, was to leave Jacksonville for St. Augustine, a
distance of 36 miles, by the King road cut through nearly
impassable swamps and ponds. Col. L. took with him two men, one of
whom was to keep in hiding along the road to be traversed, and
give the signal at the first appearance of the party.


Col. Noble, with an orderly, was driving in a buggy. Hardly had
they come to the end of a swamp when they were covered by the guns
of the scouts. Col. Noble's first move was for his revolver, when
realizing the futility of resistance, he surrendered. Capt. L.,
referring to the occurence, said he always thanked God not to have
had to kill one whom he knew was a brave and gallant soldier. I
was never on the battlefield; and if I heard the roaring of a
cannon in Fernandina, for instance, and at the taking of Fort
McAllister, Savannah, I was always within the city limits. I can-
not. therefore, speak as an eye witness of the bravery of the men
who fought, .but I witnessed their manly conduct under
circumstances which tax more yet the true courage of a man.


I saw them, when prostrate by diseases, under privations beyond
almost human endurance, stand unrepining, without a word of
complaint.


Whether in Savannah where an entire corps of Sherman's army
occupied the city, or in Fernandina, during the few weeks with New
England regiments, I saw not one single act of wantoness.


Reprehensible acts, it is true, occurred which cannot be
questioned, in Fernandina and at St. Mary's, where both Catholic
churches were ransacked. In Fernandina, among .other valuables, I
lost a chalice, donated me by a brother priest when I left France,
September, 1860.


At the close of the war a letter from the North informed the
Bishop that the chalice in question, had been restored by the
culprit and would be sent back. At May Port, at the mouth of the
St. John's river, regrettable scenes took place, the sacred
vestments being taken from the church and paraded through the
streets by men wearing the U. S. A. uniform. In Jacksonville, in
1863, the Catholic church and rectory were burned, the evidence
pointing to the Federals as the authors of the outrage. But these
outrages were isolated cases, and cannot in any way detract from
the admirable behavior of the Federal troops in general, and here,
for instance, hardly was it known that the church and rectory in
Jacksonville had been burned, that the Federal soldiers stationed
there, volunteered their services and subscribed money, so that,
in a short time temporary structures were erected on the spot
where the former buildings had been destroyed.


H. CLAVREUL.


Cathedral,


St. Augustine, Fla., July 10, 1908.
DIARY OF REV. H. CLAVREUL
WITH THE NAMES OF DYING FEDERAL
SOLDIERS TO WHOM HE MINISTERED
AT ANDERSONVILLE, GA.


JULY AND AUGUST, 1864


Edited by George Robbins, “K ", 16th Connecticut Infantry,
one of the "Plymouth Pilgrims"
Waterbury, Conn., April, 1910


Published by
THE CONNECTICUT ASSOCIATION
OF EX-PRISONERS OF WAR


Introduction


Waterbury, Conn., March 28, 1910.


In February 1907, in a conversation with the Rt. Rev. Mgr. W. J.
Slocum of this city, just returned from Florida, I was told that
he had met at Saint Augustine, Fla., a Catholic priest, the Very
Rev. H. Clavreul, V. G., who, during July and August, 1864,
assisted the Rev. Father Whelan in administering the last rites of
his church to the dying Federal prisoners confined in the stockade
at Andersonville, Ga., and who had a record of his observations
made while there, also a list of those to whom he ministered both
there, and later, at Savannah, Ga.


Realizing the value of such a record to all survivors of that
prison, I secured, through Mgr. Slocum., a copy of this record for
the use of the Connecticut Association of Ex-Prisoner's of War,
who had, at their annual meeting, raised a committee charged with
the authority to procure this record, if possible.


On the death of Mgr. Slocum, October 23, 1908, the writer secured
the permission of Fr. Clavreul to make such use of his record as
was thought best, and, after long delay, it is now placed before
the public.


Fr. Clavreul's letter of transmission is here given.


                            GEORGE ROBBINS.


Cathedral,
St. Augustine, Fla.,
July 10, 1908.



Very Rev. W. J. Slocum,
Waterbury, Conn.
Very Rev_ Sir: I mailed to your address a week ago a copy of what
I wrote at the time I attended the Federal prisoners at
Andersonville, Ga., July 15th, to August 20th, 1864. I mail you
today the names of the prisoners I attended both at Andersonville,
and at Savannah, Ga.


A few names may have been omitted, not having been entered on my
diary or else having disappeared. Thanking you for the interest
you take in a work so dear to me, the remembrance of which I will
carry to the grave, and begging your prayers, I am,
Yours in Xo,
H. CLAVREUL.


THE DIARY.


It was in July 1864 that I left Savannah for Andersonville, being
sent there to help the venerable Father Whelan who had been
ministering to the prisoners since March. Their number kept
increasing owing to the advance of the Federals towards Georgia,
being estimated at the time at thirty thousand. Father Whelan was
already an old man, over sixty years of age. He assisted the
prisoners not only by his ministrations as a priest, but also by
material help, through his influence among the Catholics of
Georgia. As for me, unknown and without influence, I could only
weep over the miseries I hourly witnessed.


The comfort I brought them were the consolations of religion, and
these, I may truly say, I gave with all the zeal and energy God's
grace enabled me to impart. The following I take from my diary,
written at the stockade prison, July 15, to August 2o, 1864. I
must remark that some of my statements may not be entirely
correct. I had during the thirty-six days I spent in the stockade,
no information from the outside world, no newspapers to read. The
prisoners, on the other hand, who were my only associates were in
the same predicament.


The diary opens with the names of 390 prisoners to whom I
administered the sacraments of penance and extreme unction.


The sick were for a time lying within the enclosure of the
stockade in the open air. It was only later on that the worst
cases were taken to a hospital, where they had tents. All those
whom I administered I found in a dying condition and have little
doubt that they died on the very spot where I had found them.


The stockade covered some twenty acres. It stood away from all
habitations, in the midst of what must have been the piney woods.


All the trees had been cut down, so there was no protection left
against the sun or the rain. A palisade or fence twelve feet high,
made of the trunks of trees set upright in the ground formed the
inclosure. Outside the stockade, eight or ten feet above the
ground was a platform, where, every hour of the day and of the
night one could hear the pacing of the sentries, and at each
recurring hour of the night, the call. "Post No. I. eight o'clock
and all's well." taken up by No. 2, and so the entire round, and
sometimes the report of a musket, telling that a prisoner had been
shot within the "dead line," which ran inside the inclosure and
which the prisoners were warned not to pass under the penalty of
being shot. The injunction however, was not always heeded and not
unfrequently some unfortunate prisoner, whilst attempting to cross
over, either through recklessness or whilst demented through
sickness and suffering, was found lying dead within the fatal
line. I shall not attempt a description of the sufferings which we
witnessed, whatever may be said or written about it, will remain
always below the stern reality. Spite of the awful mortality which
for some weeks reached the appalling figure of 12o and upwards a
day, the number of the prisoners kept increasing, as most of the
soldiers captured in the battles fought in Tennessee or Northern
Georgia at the time, were sent to Andersonville; numbers of them
having been wounded on the battlefield.


The food consisted of unbolted corn meal and cow peas with now and
then vegatables sent by the country people of the neighborhood..


As most of the prisoners suffered from the scurvy, sore gums and
loose teeth, they could not eat the coarse food, and thus numbers
of them died with their allowance of corn bread nearby.


Starvation, however, was not the only cause of the terrible
mortality which in these eight weeks must have carried off some
eight thousand victims. Exposure to the inclemency of the weather
was another, the stockade being entirely bare, and besides, with
not a tent under which to find shelter. The clothes the prisoners
had on when they arrived soon became mere rags,-thousands were met
without a shred of clothing stark naked, who were busy burrowing
in the ground to find protection against the rain or the scorching
rays of a mid-summer sun.


To the scurvy was added the diarhoea. In the middle of the
stockade between banks slightly inclining, was a branch of running
water.


The ground trodden by thousands, had soon become boggy, making it
impossible for many among the sick to extricate themselves from
the mire. The hospital was a mile from the stockade. It had tents
but no floor, only the bare ground. There it was that most of the
cases not utterly hopeless were carried. The removal took place,
generally, in the forenoon after the morning inspection made by
the surgeons near the entrance of the stockade.


There and for hundreds of yards back lay, stretched on the ground,
thousands of sick, brought by comrades, the greater number,
however, lying still, the inspection over, on the very spot where
they had been placed a few hours before, who, in tones of
indescribable agony were crying for water to allay their thirst,
intensified by the continued exposure to a broiling sun. The
unchecked advance of Sherman's army upon Atlanta, the fear of a
raid upon the stockade. led to the transfer of a large part of the
prisoners to points more remote .from the seat of war. The
transfer began in the first days of September. 1864, and before
the end of the month ten thousand prisoners had been removed from
Andersonville to Savannah and Charleston.


On the loth day of August, that is, thirty-six days after my
arrival at Andersonville. I was taken sick with continued
vomiting.


Father Whelan decided that I should leave, and so I took the train
back to Savannah whilst the heroic old priest retraced his steps
to the stockade. On the 24th day of September I had sufficiently
recovered to be able to resume, among the Federal prisoners in
Savannah, the work I had begun in Andersonville. In this place the
prisoners fared better than at Andersonville. They had tents,
whilst the charity of the people there provided them with clothes
and blankets, as also with medicine. From September 21st, to
October 6th, I administered the sacraments to seventy prisoners.
In the month of November the exchange of prisoners so long
deferred, took place, soon followed by the surrender of Savannah,
December 2I St, 1864. Owing to the skirmishing between the van-
guard of Sherman's army and the Confederates, every hour of the
day and night, wounded soldiers of both armies were brought in,
whose condition required the immediate services of the priest.


After a Novena begun on the Feast of the Immaculate Conception, we
had the 40 hours devotion, to ask God to avert the dangers which
threatened the city.


On December 21st. Savannah having surrendered, the Federals made
their entrance in the morning, the yells and hurrah's of the
soldiers re-echoing through the Cathedral, where I was assisting
the Bishop saying Mass. For the accomodation of the sick and the
wounded, public buildings, hotels, and private houses had been
transformed into hospitals where the priest had hourly calls. My
services, however, were soon called elsewhere. In April, 1865. the
small-pox broke out among the thousands of refugees, white and
black, who had followed in the train of the invading army. The
infected were sent to Fort Boggs, one and a half miles from the
city. As at Andersonville, the priest was the only clergyman to
at-tend the victims of the dread disease. Referring to
Andersonville. I must mention something I loathe to relate. At the
entrance to the hospital. there stood a wooden shed 5ox3o feet.
called the "Dead House." where the bodies of those who had died
within the past twenty-four hours were laid on the bare ground.


Often, toward mid-day, on my way back to our shack, (a wooden hut
12x8 feet. a mile from the stockade where we ate and slept.) to
partake of our scant dinner of corn bread, cow peas, and parched
corn coffee. I walked the narrow aisle of the dismal room, where
lay in four rows, 120 corpses, the few shreds of clothing found on
them at the time they died thrown over their emaciated bodies. In
front of this shed were the wagons drawn by four mules to carry, a
mile away, the dead to be buried in shallow trenches. Not a day
passed that I did not meet the gruesome sight of these wagons,
piled with bodies, heads, feet, or arms dangling from the vehicle
transporting them to their final .rest.


I take from my diary, written at the stockade at Andersonville,
the names of the Federal prisoners to whom I administered the
sacraments of penance and extreme unction, from July 15 to August
20, 1864.


July 15th


James Devine, 43 yrs., Ireland.
Jos. Buchannan, 45 yrs., Ireland.
Jos. Martin, 16 yrs., Canada.
Blasius Yakes, 24 yrs., Germany.
James Lee, 21 yrs., Penna.
Jas. McDermott, 24 yrs., Ireland.
Jas. C. Street, 53 yrs., Ireland.
Jas. McFarland, 36 yrs., Ireland
D. J. Crowley, 18 yrs., Boston.
Chas. Hawk, 31 yrs., Ohio (bapt.)


July 16th


Edward Connor, 23 yrs., Ireland.
Henry David, 32 yrs., Ireland.
Francis Wood, 21 yrs., Ireland.
Henry Hollman, 25 yrs., N. Y.
Wm. Winter, 25 yrs., Germany.
Frank Kepler, 17 yrs., N. Y.
Peter Madden, 54 yrs., Ireland.
Patrick Hogan, 25 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Plummer, 14 yrs., Penna.
John Hurley, 24 yrs., Ireland.
Aug. Tolbeck, 19 yrs., Germany.
Michael Kenney, 28 yrs., Ireland.


July 17th


Corn Dacey, 25 yrs., Canada.
Nich. Schwartz, 17 yrs., Germany.
Isidor Myers, 26 yrs., Germany.
Fred Miller, 24 yrs., Germany.
Bart. Griffin, 25 yrs., Missouri.
Andrew Piche, 29 yrs., Canada.
D. G. Kearney, 25 yrs., Ireland.
Jos. Gross, 20 yrs., Germany.
Jos. Schmitz, 22 yrs., Germany.
Jos. Voneau, 40 y-s., France.
Fred Rosignal, 36 yrs., Canada.
Peter W4ener, 30 yrs., Germany.
J. Tomalson, 34 yrs., Virginia (baptized)


July 18th


Chas. Reilly, 21 yrs., Wisconsin.
Jos. Fremont, 30 yrs., Baden.
Jas. Thompson, 20 yrs., Penna.
Jonas Jones, 43 yrs., Wales.
John Hurley, 33 yrs., Ireland.
Bernard Meehan, 39 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Brown, 46 yrs., Ireland.
Jas. McGuire, 35 yrs., Ireland.
Aime' Deemond, 28 yrs., Canada.
John Kenny, 21 yrs., Ireland.
Conrad Walz, 20 yrs., Wittenburg.
Alfred Feely, 25 yrs., Cleveland,
G. Philip Matura, 30 yrs., Naples.
James Smith, 17 yrs., Penna.
Wm. McGrath, 36 yrs., Ireland.
J. McCarren, 30 yrs., Phila., Pa.
Patrick Flynn, 19 yrs., Ireland.
David Kelley, 40 yrs., Ireland.
Thos. Solean, 50 yrs., Michigan..
Patrick E. Cleary, 18 yrs., B. I. Conn. Cav., Hartford.


July 19th


David Jones, 23 yrs., Tenn.
Jacques Braun, 28 yrs., Alsace.
Geo. W. Hinn, 24 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Goodman, 28 yrs., Penna.
M. O'Connor, 20 yrs., Ireland.
Henry McVeagh, 36 yrs., Liverp'l.
Antonius, Prussia.
Fred Schmitz, 26 yrs., Switzerl'd.
Chas. Myers, 30 yrs., Switzerl'd.
Thos. Molloy, 22 yrs., Ireland.
Louis Feiger, 25 yrs., Wittenburg.
Jas. Deacon, 50 yrs., Ireland.
Jacob Kuremburg, 30 yrs.., Ger.
Thos. Harrington, Liverpool (att. by Fr. Verot)
Michael Whalen, 40 yrs., Ireland.
Henri Gruet, 40 yrs., Paris, Fr.


July 20th


John Mailley, 16 yrs., Boston.
Hy. Laboute', 21 yrs., Vermont.


July 21st


Wm. Bible, 29 yrs., Baden.
John Sweeney, 35 yrs., Ireland.
Jos. Bricker, 30 yrs., Strasbourg.


July 22nd


Michael Miller, 30 yrs., Germany.
Wm. Gallaher, 37 yrs., Ireland.
Daniel Miller, 19 yrs., Baltimore.
Wm. Maloney, 27 yrs., Ireland.
Andrew Scott, 50 yrs., Penna.
John Doherty, 41 yrs., Ireland.


July 23rd


Jas. O'Keefe, 33 yrs., Ireland. (his bro. Michael, had R. I. P.)
Michael King, 20 yrs.
Jno. Donaldson, 35 yrs., Ireland.
Pat'k. Sullivan, 28 yrs., Ireland.
Pat'k. Grey, 44 yrs., Ireland.
Benj. Schneider, 40 yrs., Germ'y.
James Walsh, 22 yrs., Boston Mas.
Wm. C. Gordon, 43 yrs., Maine.
John Sheehan, 23 yrs., Ireland.


July 24th


Jos. Scanlon, 44 yrs., England.
Thos. Frantz, Germany.
John Connelly, 27 yrs., Canada.
John Enright, 24 yrs., Boston.
Arthur Redmer, 35 yrs., Germany.
Wm. Gallahan, 30 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Dixon, 20 yrs., New York.
Martin Pilger, 33 yrs., Germany.
James N , 45 yrs., Tenn.
Edward Mahan, 38 yrs., Ireland.
John Park, 28 yrs., Tenn. (bapt.)
M'ch'l. Kennedy, 23 yrs., Ireland.
Rudolph , 35 yrs., Switz'd.



July 25th


Thos. Mulvaney, 40 yrs., Ireland.
Chas. Lehman, 20 yrs., Penna.
Jas. McGuire, 28 yrs., Ireland.
Mich=l.-Harsey, 28 yrs., Ireland.
Richard Hyde, 28 yrs., Boston.
Jas. Hepary, 30 yrs., Ireland.
John Cleen, 22 yrs., New York.
Dennis Griffin, 22 yrs., Ireland.
Thos. Haley, 24 yrs., Ireland.
Chas. Scheider, 42 yrs., Bavaria.
Arthur Whelan, 40 yrs., Ireland.
Ind. Yonker, 29, yrs. Upper Can'a.
Thos. J. Mattingly, 23 yrs., Maine.
Frank Miller, 32 yrs., Penna.


July 26th


Dennis Costello, 18 yrs., Ireland.
William Creed, 22 yrs., Ireland.
Lawrence Murphy, 28 yrs., IreI'd.
Geo. W. Williams., 32 yrs., Irel'd.
Chas. Miller, 24 yrs., New York.
Jno. H. McMahon, 22 yrs., Ind.
Archibald Hamil, 39 yrs., Ireland.
Thos. J. Brady, 34 yrs., Ireland.
Edward Walsh, 24 yrs., N. Y.


July 27th


J. J. McGee, 18 yrs., Phila.
Pens Bauman, 18 yrs., Baden.
Dan Ryan, 35 yrs., Co. B. 106, N. Y. Infantry, Ireland.
James Quinn, 21 yrs., Co. F. 44, Illinois Infantry, New York.
        Davenport, 33 yrs., Co. K. 18th Mass. Infantry, Ireland.
Jas. Corrigan, Co. E. 140th N. Y. Infantry, Ireland.
Jas. Lewis, 32 yrs., Co. E. 1st N. Y. Light Artillery, Ireland.
Jacob Abel, 20 yrs., Co. I. 140th N. Y. Infantry, Canada.
Peter Montanza, 35 yrs, Belgium.
Jas. Moreau, 19 yrs., Canada.
Jno. Schipper, 34 yrs., Germany.
Michael Perdu, 19 yrs., N. Y.
Pat'k. Kane, 21 yrs., Ireland.
Pierre de Nevil, 22 yrs., Montreal.
Pat. Laraday, 30 yrs., Ireland.
Lewis Young, 24 yrs., Germany.
Jean Balmont, 23 yrs., Savoy.
Miles Flynn, 20 yrs., Ireland.


July 28th


Laurence Dippel, 48 yrs., Germany
Andrew McGucken, 22 yrrs., Co. C. 1st N. Y. Cavalry, Penna.
John Schmitz, 38 yrs., Germany.
Thos. Smith, 31 yrs., Ireland.
Jos. Schneider, 30 yrs. Germany.
Jas. Patterson, 17 yrs., Co. F. 17th Mich. Inf., Upper Canada, (baptized.)
Jas. McCarthy, 25 yrs., Boston.
Mich'l. Cullen, 16 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Boyle, 24 yrs., Ireland.


July 29th


Bernard Calligan, 27 yrs., Co. C. 2nd Ohio Inf., Ireland.
Wm. M. Parker, 20 yrs., Co. H. 124th Ohio Inf. O. (baptized.)
Jos. N. King, 20 yrs., Co. K. 23rd Mich. Inf., Ireland.
Jas. Mooney, 26 yrs., Co. D. 50th Ohio Inf., Ireland.
John Tracy, 50 yrs., Ireland.
Rudolph Schlag, 57 yrs., Ger.
Robt. N. Merritt, 30 yrs., Co. L. 22nd Kentucky Cal., Kentucky.
Raymond P. Herault, 20 yrs., Fr.
Denny Donova, 35 yrs., England.
Jas. Doyle, 33 yrs., Ireland.
Matthias Elliott, 37 yrs., Ohio.


July 30th


Mich'l. Walsh, 35 yrs., Ireland.
John Green, 46 yrs., Upr. Can'a.
John Labohel, 21 yrs., Frankf't.
Jas. Byrne, 23 yrs., Ireland.
Jos. Lungenbahr, 22 yrs., Ger.
Francis Bantley, 25 yrs., Co. H. 5th Conn. Inf., Germany.
Stephen Vick, 24 yrs., Baden.
Jas. Toohey, 25 yrs., Ireland.
Pat. Meagher, 23 yrs., Co. E. 4th Ohio Inf., Ireland.
Mich'l. Martin, 25 yrs., Ireland.
Mich'l. Callahan, 32 yrs., Ireland.


July 31st


Wm. Schwartz, 26 yrs., Germany.
Pat'k. Hanley, 27 yrs., Ireland.
Antoine Harwig, 37 yrs., Ger.
Jno. Monahan, 21 yrs., Ireland.
Edward Carter, 25 yrs., Co. A. 7th N. Y. Hvy. Art., Ireland.
Maurice Harnett, 32 yrs., Ireland.
Albert McGrath, 20 yrs., Ireland.
Mich'l. Wright, 26 yrs., Ireland.
John McCarthy, 26 yrs., Ireland. Co. D. 60th N. Y. Infantry.
Antoine Seteer, 30 yrs.. Germany.


August 1st


Eugene Chargna, 26 yrs., France.
Pat'k. McDermott, 21 yrs., Co. F. 5th Kentucky Inf., Ireland.
Robt. Gardiner, 22 yrs., Co. K. 155th N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
Peter Cronan, 26 yrs., Ireland.
Pat'k. Lacey, 36 yrs., Ireland.
John Ward, 20 yrs., Cork, Irland.
Wm. Lightfoot, 39 yrs., Co. G. 9th Zouave Cal., England.
Clemens Uhlner, 23 yrs., Co. A. 28th Ohio Inf., Prussia.
R. M. Mitchell, 26 yrs., Co. E 17th Kentucky Inf., Kentucky (baptized.)
Edward Nolan, 18 yrs., 16th N. Y. Cal., Ireland.
Chas. McHanna, 32 yrs., Ireland. Jas. Scully, 30 yrs., Ireland.


August 4th


Jno. Gillespie, 31 yrs., Penna.
Hy. Simon, 35 yrs., Canada.
Franklin Leese, 28 yrs., N. Y., (baptized.)
Jas. T. Bailey, Tenn., (bapt.)
John Whalen, 29 yrs., Ireland.
Chas. H. Meuth, 28 yrs., N. Y., (baptized.)


August 5th


Chas. H. Fisher, 28 yrs., Phil., Pa.
Jas. Mooney, 40 yrs., Co. D. 52nd N. Y. Inf., Dublin, Ireland.
John Rohring, 23 yrs., Co. D. 1st Minnesota Inf., Germany.
Pat'k. Gillespie, 22 yrs., Co. G. 36th Mass. Inf., Ireland.
Thos. Farlan, 28 yrs., Ireland.
Mat. Mahoney, 19 yrs., Co. H. 96th Penna. Inf., Upr. Canada.
Pat’k. Sullivan, 29 yrs., Co. F. 9th Mass. Inf., Ireland.
Eugene Coogan, 21 yrs., Co. C. 9th Mass Inf., Brooklyn, N. Y.
Chas. Kelley, 23 yrs., Co. F. 62nd Penna. Inf., Arkansas.
Timothy Sullivan, 35 yrs., Co. E. 76th Ohio Inf., Ireland.
Bart. Nooney, 21 yrs., Ireland.
Miles Shea, 19 yrs., Co. H. 7th Conn. Inf., Ireland.


August 6th


Francis Petrat, 40 yrs., Co. C. 12th N. Y. Cav., Canada.
Simon Lestey, 25 yrs., Co. D. Ohio Inf., Ireland.
Michael Riordan, 30 yrs., Co. H. 148th N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
John Brennan, 29 yrs., Co. B. 3rd Kentucky Inf., Canada.
Bernard McCann, 29 yrs., Co. A. 63rd N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
William Marggraff, 39 yrs., Ger.
John Dacey, 21 yrs., Co. A. 63rd N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
Jerry O'Brion, 58 yrs., Co. F. 65th N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
James Hackett, 26 yrs., Co. D. 50th Penna. Inf., Ireland.
Louis Boldeau, 27 yrs., Co. 26th Mass. Inf., Canada.
Wm. Reilly, 28 yrs., Ireland.


August 7th


Hugh McFarland, 28 yrs., Co. L. 1st Wisconsin Cav., Ireland.
Olive Lewin, 20 yrs., Co. H. 1st Vermont Inf., Canada.
Joseph Benoit, 23 yrs., Co. D. 1st Vermont Inf., Canada.
John D. Cruin, 33 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Faulkner, 23 yrs., Germany.


August 8th


Timothy O'Carroll, 17 yrs., Co. A. 69th N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
William McCormick, 43 yrs., Co. I, 2nd N. Y. Art., Ireland.
Edward Demel, 43 yrs., Co. G. 9th N. J. Inf., Ireland.
Charles Callahan, 40 yrs., Co. F. 39th Ill. Inf., Ireland.
Thomas Cheshorn, 20 yrs., Co. F. 2nd Rhode Island Inf., Halifax.
Joseph I. Clyems, 41 yrs., Co. B. 147 N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
Charles Marchut, 20 yrs., Co. F. 28th Mass. Inf., Canada.
Joseph Ripp, 30 yrs., Co. H. 26th Mass. Inf., Germany.
Michael Cooney, 27 yrs., Co. D. 12th U. S. Inf., Ireland.
William Mitchell, 18 yrs., Co. G. 59th Ohio Inf., Ireland.


August 9th


J. B. Grey, 41 yrs., Co. M. 6th N. Y. Art., New York.
Timothy McCarthy, 32 yrs., Co. E. 25th Mass. Inf., Ireland.
John Lyons, 29 yrs., Co. 2nd Mass. Cav., Ireland.
Michael Reilly, 36 yrs., Co. K. 56th Mass. Inf., Ireland.
Thomas Clancey, 23 yrs., Co. G. 21st Mass. Inf., Ireland.
John Charty, 33 yrs., N. Bruns'k.


August 10th


Thomas O'Connell, 41 yrs., Co. E. 24th Mass. Inf., Ireland.
James H. Gillins, 21 yrs., Co. H. 115th N. Y. Inf., New York.
John Byrnes, 40 yrs., Co. B. 7th Vermont Inf., Ireland.
John Blake, 27 yrs., Co. B. 7th Vermont Inf., Ireland.
Michael Sullivan, 48 yrs., Co. K. 69th N. Y. Inf., Ireland.
Patrick Sweeney, 40 yrs., Co. F. 19th Maine Inf., Ireland.
John Keefe, 29 yrs., Co. L. 8th Penna. Cav.. Ireland.
W. A. Toole, 21 yrs., Co. I. 11th Penna. Inf., Pennsylvania.
James McGarry, 20 yrs., Upr. Can.
Patrick Dolan, 23 yrs., Ireland.
John Ryan, 30 yrs., Ireland.
John Rosenburg, 40 yrs., Ger.


August 11th


Patrick Donahue, 39 yrs., Co. F. 1st Vermont Cav., Ireland.     
Matthew Daley, 22 yrs., Co. I. 7th Penn. Reser. Inf., Ireland.
Thomas Ford, 26 yrs., Co. I. 7th Penn. Reserve Inf., Ireland.
Patrick Gallagher, 38 yrs., Co. B. 18th Mass. Inf., Ireland.
Alexander Navarre, 23 yrs., Co. 17th Mich. Inf., Michigan.
Terrence Moore, 29 yrs., Ireland.
J. G. Jones, 20 yrs., Virg. (bapt.).


August 13th


Jacob Weber, 20 yrs., Indianna.
Jerry Lynch, 35 yrs., Ireland.
Alfred Pepin, 26 yrs., Canada.
James Byrnes, 25 yrs., Ireland.
Nath'l. Roland, 32 yrs., Holland.
Maxime Lupgnan, 47 yrs., Can.



August 14th


James Dunn, 43 yrs., Ireland.   
Arthur Hyde, 32 yrs., Ireland.  
Patrick Grey, 22 yrs., Ireland. _
Simplician Nadot, 17 yrs., Mass.        
Charles N. Allen, 24 yrs., Maine,       
Francois Valee, 59 yrs., Bordeaux, France.
James O'Brien, 40 yrs., Ireland.
Pat. McDermott, 22 yrs., U. S. Reg. Army, Ireland. (baptized.)


August 15th


James Butler, 24 yrs., Co. B. 2nd N. Y. Cav., New York.
Danny Donovan, 35 yrs., London, England.
Wm. Pierson, 19 yrs., Tor., Can.
James Ryan, 22 yrs., N. Y.
Louis Schneed, 32 yrs., Germany.
Jean Marie Kemper, 21 yrs., Rheims, France.
James Burcham, 62 yrs., Ship Carpenter, U. S. N., Hali'x., N.S.
Wm. McQuaid, 21 yrs., Dub., Ire.
Pat. S .Stahler, Penn. (bapt.)
Paul Vancole, 16 yrs., N. J. (bap.)
Henry B. Neale, 58 yrs., Maryl'd., (baptized.)
John McLaughlin, 26 yrs., Ireland.


August 16th


Jerry Griffin, 16 yrs., Penn.   
Daniel Meagher, 27 yrs., Ireland.
Michael Collins, 21 yrs., Penn.
James Haley, 43 yrs., Ireland.
Arthur Towley, 26 yrs., Ireland.
John O'Hara, 45 yrs., Ireland.
Edward Devlin, 49 yrs., Ireland.
David White, 20 yrs., Penn.
Michael Treanor, 32 yrs., Ireland.
John Henny, 20 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Curran, 22 yrs., Ireland.
Selfrid de Chaion, Madrid, Spain.


August 17th


Victor Lenot, 22 yrs., Paris, Fr.       
John Gartland, 40 yrs., Ireland.        
Jno. Mulligan, 29 yrs.. lrela.nd.       
Owen Fagan, 40 yrs., Ireland.   
Anthony Plassinger, 28 yrs., Prsa.
Hyman Solers, 28 yrs., Penn.
Martin Lammereaux, 21 yrs., N.Y.
Nicholas L. Mensher, 24 yrs., Switzerland.
Malchias Loftus, 30 yrs., Ireland.


August 18th


Joseph Meyer, 47 yrs., Germany.
Moue Crondo, 20 yrs., N. Y.
Michel Mezier, 18 yrs., Canada.
Patrick Lynch, 33 yrs., Ireland.
John Bowers, 18 yrs., Ireland.
Jas. Roarque, 35 yrs., Ireland.
Antoine Depas, 21 yrs., Belgium.
Theodore de Frondereaux, 21 yrs., France.
Fredeoric Schamp, 24 yrs., Ger.
Thomas Lalor, 44 yrs., Ireland.
Mich'l. Wagoner, 18 yrs., Ger.
Bernard McGovern, 42 yrs., Ire.


August 19th


John Donnovan, 25 yrs., Ireland.
Edward Lamer, 22 yrs., Canada.
John Brown, 30 yrs., England.
Bernard Evers, 17 yrs., N. Y.
Patrick Morgan, 50 yrs., Dublin.
Thomas Smyth, 28 yrs., Ireland.
Thomas Gransey, 26 yrs., Ireland.
Patrick Holden, 24 yrs., Ireland.
Mich'l. Keating, 33 yrs., Ireland.
Joseph Towns, 26 yrs., Ireland.
Patrick McGlone, 44 yrs., Ireland.
Thomas Picker, 22 yrs., Ireland.
James Flaherty, 17 yrs., Ireland.
Patrick Hogan, 40 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Brennan, 47 yrs., Ireland.
James O'Brien, 43 yrs., Ireland.


   The following day, August 20th, I was seized with vomiting and early that morning left far Savannah. Spent that day and following night on board the train wholly unconscious, recovering my senses only when, on arrival at Savannah they dragged me from under the car seat where I was lying. On September 24th, 1864, I resumed, at Savannah, my ministrations among the 10,000 prisoners who, but a few days before, had been brought from the Andersonville stockade. Following is the list of those to whom I ministered at Savannah.


September 24th, 1864


Adolph Stein, 24 yrs., Germany.
Hector Legendra, 18 yrs., Can.


September 27th


Michael Campbell, 33 yrs., N. Y.


September 27th


Lewis Griffin, 41 yrs., Penn.
Joshua Hevin, 22 yrs., Penn.
Henry Scharkseit, 34 yrs., Ger.
John Frederic, 30 yrs., Germany.



September 29th


Cornelius Stone, 28 yrs., Mich.
John Herrman, 29 yrs., Germany.


September 30th


James Foley, Germany.
John Cannon, 28 yrs., Ireland.


October 1st


Timothy Reilly, 24 yrs., Ireland.
Moise Coule, 28 yrs., Michigan.


October 3rd


David Dennis, 19 yrs., Mass.    
Thos. Williams, 16 yrs., Ohio.  
John Connor, 24 yrs., U. S. Navy.
Hamilton Holmes, - N. Y. (bap.) 
Jos. W. Hemsharp, 16 yrs., Maryland.
Peter Stevenson, 36 yrs., Mass., (baptized.)


October 4th
Michael Rohan, 60 yrs., Ireland.        
Wm. Byrne, 24 yrs., Ireland.    
Timothy Regan, 40 yrs., Ireland.        
John Keefe, 22 yrs., U. S. Navy, Ireland.
Wm. Kroening, 23 yrs., Germany.
Louis Lavonne, 34 yrs., Paris, Fr.


October 5th


Timothy Daley, 23 yrs., Ireland.        
James Byrne, 23 yrs., Ireland.  
Chas. F. Allen, 20 yrs., N. Y. (baptized.)
Antoine Desriviex, 24 yrs., Ver.
Charles Coyle, 40 yrs., Ireland.
C. D. Small, 33 yrs., Maine.
Daniel Shea, 27 yrs., Ireland.


October 6th


Isias St. Courent, 25 yrs., Can.        
Hugh McPartland, 30 yrs., Ire.  
Jas. McCabe, 22 yrs., O., (bapt.)
Stephano Ricardo, 35 yrs., Italy.


October 7th


James Walsh, 34 yrs., Ireland.  
Jos. Laland, 28 yrs., Canada.
Narcisse Larabie, 27 yrs., Can.
John Cummins, 40 yrs., Ireland.
Henri Matthieu, 36 yrs., Canada.


October 8th


Timothy Reilly, 24 yrs., Ireland.       
John Durr, 28 yrs., Germany.    
Louis Kohler, 25 yrs., Germany. 
Geo. Canoway, 17 yrs., N. Y.
John Cahill, 30 yrs., Ireland.
Michael Camp, 33 yrs., Ireland.


October 10th


Wm. Hicks, 22 yrs., Ireland.    
Thos. Fillburn, 32 yrs., Conn.  
Patrick Shields, 33 yrs., Ireland.      
Jas. Connelly, 26 yrs., Ireland.
Barney O'Hara, 20 yrs., Ireland.
Wm. Fitzgerald, 18 yrs., Ireland.


October 11th


John Edder, 18 yrs., Germany.   
John Evans, 34 yrs., New York.
John O'Neil, 18 yrs., Ireland.


October 12th


James Parker, 19 yrs., Mass.    
William Ward, 23 yrs., Ireland. 
Henry Layton, 22 yrs., Canada.  
Wm. P. Campbell, 23 yrs., Tenn., (baptized.)
Francis G. Butler, 23 yrs., Tenn. (baptized.)
Paul Reno, 25 yrs., Prussia.
Wm. Barry, 30 yrs., Ireland.


October 14th


Michael Kelley, 28 yrs., Ireland.


October 15th


Fred Miller, 26 yrs., France.


October 17th


Vincent Desloget, 19 yrs., France.


October 25th


Thos. Grimes, 34 yrs., Ireland. 
Jas. Masterson, 28 yrs., N. Y.  
Elbridge Johnston, 47 yrs., Me. (baptized.)
Geo. W. Kirtch, 21 yrs., Virginia., (baptized.)
Alexis Assoneau, 24 yrs., Canada.


October 28th


Owen Tilben, 21 yrs., Ireland.  
Paul Rogers, 25 yrs., Tenn., (baptized.)
Chas. Moore, 21 •yrs., N. Y., (bap.).
Thos. McCarthy, 20 yrs., N. Y.


October 29th


Patrick McCabe, 30 yrs., Ireland.


October 31st


Pat. McGovern, 20 yrs., Ireland.


November 4th


Joseph Kahr, 35 yrs., Germany.
Andrew Schyrd, 34 yrs., Germany.
Matthew Smyth, 22 yrs., (bapt. )


November 7th


Fred Berry, 28 yrs., Indianna.


November 23rd


Theo. Reard, 26 yrs., LeHavre, Fr.
Jean Marie Villard, 38 yrs., Fr.        Montreal.
Napoleon Surprenant, 21 yrs.,



November 24th


Heard confession of 72 Irishmen, names unknown.



The list of dead at Andersonville does not include those prisoners
who were attended by Father Whelan, likely as numerous as those
whom I myself attended. With the list, the diary I wrote at
Andersonville comes to an end: what I am now writing is from
recollection.


Forty-four years have passed, and the scenes which I witnessed
then, remain as vivid in my mind as when enacted under my eyes.


Towards the end of July, 1864, Bishop Verot, with his Vicar
General, Father Dufan, come to Andersonville. During their stay of
two doys they shared with us in our work, attending to the dying.


In the Annals of the Propagation of the Faith, there is an
article, written by the Bishop about his visit to the Federal
prisoners, stating that he had sent there two priests without
however mentioning their names. The prisoners confined in the
stockade at Andersonville and those who later were sent to
Savannah, were all enlisted men.


The only officers I saw were General Winder in command of the
stockade prison, and the unfortunate Major Wirtz. It was from the
latter I got the written permission to visit daily, the prisoners.


Not long ago a friend wrote me from Savannah that Wirtz'sadmirers
in Georgia intended to erect a monument in his honor. Now, I
think, that the poor man is no more worthy of a monument now, than
he was at the time deserving of being hanged. His name should be
forgotten.


He was boorish, profane, although never, to my knowledge, guilty
of the acts of violence and cruelty that were afterward laid to
his charge, being himself the sufferer of conditions he could in
no way help.


Our life at Andersonville was uneventful. After a restless night
spent in our hut on bunks, and a hurried breakfast, 5 o'clock,
found-us every morning at the entrance of the stockade where we
remained-the whole long day till sundown, with one hour of recess
at midday. A stir was occasionly felt, when for instance, long
files of Federal soldiers, captured on the battle-fields which
were then being fought in Tennessee and Northern Georgia, were
marched into the prison.


All eves for the moment, turned in that direction. Five hundred
men, sometimes more, formed in ranks at the R. R. Station a half
mile from the stockade, and from. there were marched to the
prison, guards with loaded muskets on both sides of the ranks,
and, near the stockade a battery of six guns was stationed. on a
slight eminence.


The military bearing of the men, with uniforms still brilliant
and-spotless. was in strong contrast with the wretchedness of the
place where they were soon to be confined. A sudden change was
noticable on their countenances the moment they stepped inside, as
if they then realized the horrors of the situation. They were
often followed by hundreds of their companions more unfortunate
still, who, because of their wounds, had to be carried from the
train, unable as they were to walk or even stand. An incident
which might have proved decisive, with no other result, however,
but a momentary excitement. occurred in the early part of the
month of August. A thunder storm, accompanied by torrential rain
and violent wind amounting to a hurricane, had torn down a portion
of the stockade-enclosure, leaving a gap of a few hundred feet
wide. I saw thousands of the men pressing on towards the gap, near
the dead-line. It was a moment of awful suspense.


The guards outside stood with loaded muskets and fixed bayonets,
the battery in front ready to open at the command. All seemed to
wait for somebody to lead on, but no one took the inniative, and
hardly an hour passed that the stockade had resumed its dead like
appearance. Amidst sufferings which the pen cannot describe, I do
not remember having heard either curses or imprecations on the
part of the prisoners. They seemed to think themselves the victims
of circumstances forced on- the authorities at Washington who, for
fear the war might be prolonged, would not listen to an exchange;
no less than on the Confederates themselves. The crowded condition
of the place in which they were confined, the food insufficient
and loathsome, their clothing in rags. their exposure to the
weather, the suffering which all this entailed, rarely elicited
from them a word of anger.


They seemed to look upon their misfortunes as a visitation from
the Almighty. To this may be ascribed the success of our spiritual
ministrations, not only with the Catholics, but with men of the
various denominations, and those who professed none.


They saw, besides, that the two priests ever in their midst, were
the only clergymen who had volunteered to them their services.


The religious work among the prisoners found expression in the
throngs of individuals we met here and there. bowed down in the
attitude of prayer or listening to a comrade who was reading from
the Bible or addressing to them words of exhortation.


Up to the time I was called to Andersonville my experience with
the army had been confined to the Confederates: first, in
Fernandina, Fla., when early in November, 1861, two thousand men,
infantry and cavalry, garrisoned that place. I was there when the
city surrendered to the L. S. Naval forces, after a short and
desultory resistance.


Leaving Fernandina, a few weeks later, I was, thanks to the
courtesey of the Federal officer in command at Jacksonville,
enabled to cross the lines, at the time skirmishing was rife
between the con-tending armies, on the R. R. line between
Jacksonville and Lake City.


Half-way stands the now historical ground of Olustee where the
bloody battle of that name was fought eighteen months before.


In Savannah, whilst in charge of the orphan boys, I visited the
Confederate soldiers stationed at Thunderbolt and outlying posts,
and at the forts on the Savannah river. The war came to an end, I
was called back to Florida and assigned to the missions of East
Florida, which bti- reason of their proximity to St. Augustine and
Jacksonville, were constantly overrun by large bodies of Federals.
It was there that in my daily intercourse with the country people,
I learned of many incidents, too insignificant indeed to find a
place in a written history of the war, but to which I must now
refer, as they reflect no small credit on the Union soldiers. I
heard, especially, the wives of Confederate officers and soldiers
speak with unstinted praise of the discipline, humanity and daring
courage of the Federals. I recall, especially, an incident which
its principal actor related to me.


It was shortly after St. Augustine had been taken, and Capt. L.,
the narrator, was the leader of a scouting party. Informed that
Col. Noble, in command of a regiment recruited in Connecticut, the
17th Infantry, was to leave Jacksonville for St. Augustine, a
distance of 36 miles, by the King road cut through nearly
impassable swamps and ponds. Col. L. took with him two men, one of
whom was to keep in hiding along the road to be traversed, and
give the signal at the first appearance of the party.


Col. Noble, with an orderly, was driving in a buggy. Hardly had
they come to the end of a swamp when they were covered by the guns
of the scouts. Col. Noble's first move was for his revolver, when
realizing the futility of resistance, he surrendered. Capt. L.,
referring to the occurence, said he always thanked God not to have
had to kill one whom he knew was a brave and gallant soldier. I
was never on the battlefield; and if I heard the roaring of a
cannon in Fernandina, for instance, and at the taking of Fort
McAllister, Savannah, I was always within the city limits. I can-
not. therefore, speak as an eye witness of the bravery of the men
who fought, .but I witnessed their manly conduct under
circumstances which tax more yet the true courage of a man.


I saw them, when prostrate by diseases, under privations beyond
almost human endurance, stand unrepining, without a word of
complaint.


Whether in Savannah where an entire corps of Sherman's army
occupied the city, or in Fernandina, during the few weeks with New
England regiments, I saw not one single act of wantoness.


Reprehensible acts, it is true, occurred which cannot be
questioned, in Fernandina and at St. Mary's, where both Catholic
churches were ransacked. In Fernandina, among .other valuables, I
lost a chalice, donated me by a brother priest when I left France,
September, 1860.


At the close of the war a letter from the North informed the
Bishop that the chalice in question, had been restored by the
culprit and would be sent back. At May Port, at the mouth of the
St. John's river, regrettable scenes took place, the sacred
vestments being taken from the church and paraded through the
streets by men wearing the U. S. A. uniform. In Jacksonville, in
1863, the Catholic church and rectory were burned, the evidence
pointing to the Federals as the authors of the outrage. But these
outrages were isolated cases, and cannot in any way detract from
the admirable behavior of the Federal troops in general, and here,
for instance, hardly was it known that the church and rectory in
Jacksonville had been burned, that the Federal soldiers stationed
there, volunteered their services and subscribed money, so that,
in a short time temporary structures were erected on the spot
where the former buildings had been destroyed.


H. CLAVREUL.


Cathedral,


St. Augustine, Fla., July 10, 1908.