Reprinted in Genealogical history of the Holt family in the US;
particularly the descendants of Nicholas Holt of Newbury & Andover, Ma.,
1634-1644, & of Wm. Holt of New Haven, Ct., by D.S. Durrie. 367p. 1864.
The following notice of him is taken from Kilbournís Litchfield Biography:
HON GEORGE B. HOLT
This gentleman was born in the town of Norfolk, Litchfield county,
Conn., and is now in the 74th year of his age. With fine talents, more
of a practical than
of a showy kind, he has been enabled to leave his mark, broad and deep,
on the early legislation of Ohio, and the future historian, in giving to
the public that
desideratum, a history of that state (for it has yet to be written),
must give the name of Mr. Holt a place among the patriotic and
far-seeing statesmen of the
commonwealth, who, a quarter of a century ago, planted the seed which
made Ohio the third, if not the second in rank among the states of the Union.
The parents of Mr. Holt, early designed him for the legal profession,
and his inclinations nothing averse to the course marked out, he entered
the law school of
Judges Reeve and Gould in Litchfield, and in 1812, underwent an
examination, and being found qualified, was licensed to practice law.
Ohio, at that time, was in the far west, and the hardy emigrants who had
sought its wilds, after the close of the war, were loud in their praises
of its vast
fertility, and of the magnificent wildness of its scenery. The ambition
of young Holt was fired he wished to see the country to become a part
and parcel of
it, and to share the privations of its settlers; in 1819 we find him a
citizen of the then small village of Dayton, and the following year he
raised his sign as an
attorney at law.
The profession of law, at that time, was no sinecure. The circuits
extended over many counties, in most of which roads were but bridle
paths, and house of
entertainment few and far between. Bridges, there were none in the
country, and when the streams were swollen with angry floods by the
spring freshets, the
members of the bar had to brave the torrent, and trust to a frail canoe,
after driving their horses across, or else to plunge in, and trust to
their horses to carry
them safe across; and then, wet, chilled and weary, to traverse the
woods for miles before they could espy the blue smoke of the log cabin,
by whose hospitable
hearth they could dry their clothes. The history of the early bar of
that state, would be among the most readable of books, for many were the
mishaps and
adventures of these disciples of Blackstone and Chitty, which still live
in memory, and are cherished by the younger members of the profession,
as the child
cherishes the legends in which his father bore a part.
During the administration of Mr. Monroe, party politics measurably died
away, nevertheless there were times, places and occasions in which the
spirit of party
was temporarily aroused. Such was the fact in Dayton, in the year 1822,
when Mr. Holt established, and for three years conducted, the Miami
Replublican; a
newspaper devoted to news agriculture and the dissemination of
democratic doctrines.
In the fall of 1824, Mr. Holt was a candidate for, and elected to the
legislature of the state, and deeply participated in the passage of the
laws which made that
session the most important ever held in Ohio. The lands of the state
were then divided into first, second and third classes, and taxed
accordingly the
improved farms as high as the wild lands of the same class. The
injustice of the system, and the gross inequality of the classification,
by which the sterile hills
of eastern Ohio, in many cases, were taxed as high as the rich alluvian
of the Miami and Sciota valleys, called loudly for amendment, yet it was
not until the
session of 1824-25 that the evil was abated by the adoption of the ad
valorem system, which, from that time, became the settled policy of the state.
New York, under the auspices of De Witt Clinton, had commenced her canal
policy, by which the waters of the Hudson were united with those of Lake
Erie, so
as to have a direct water communications between the inland seas of the
northwest and those of the Atlantic. The necessity of similar
communications between
the lakes and the Ohio river, sweeping through Ohio, had excited public
attention, and with it, an opposition of a bitter kind. Judge Holt
stood forward as a
prominent advocate of the work, and employed the columns of his paper to
favor the measure, and this fact brought him forward more prominently as
the man
for the crisis. He was elected to the legislature, and during the
session which followed, the first canal law was passed, and under which
the Ohio and the
Miami canals were commenced, and the policy of the state in favor of
internal improvements, from that moment was considered settled.
Ohio, at that time, had no school system. Parents in the thinly settled
portions of the state, were forced to rely on chance for teachers, who
were themselves
better fitted to be taught, than to be the instructors of embryo men,
and who mainly relied upon the birch and ferule, to beat learning into
the heads of their
pupils. Money at the time was scarce but little produce was exported,
and many men who had a farm they could call their own, were yet in
circumstances too
straitened to allow them to give their children that schooling so much
needed, to make them useful citizens of community. To remedy this evil
to give all, the
rich, the poor, the high and the low, the same benefits of a common
school education, was a matter which excited much attention.
Fortunately for the state,
the legislature of 1824-25 was composed of men of more enlarged
philanthropy than any which preceded it. Mr. Holt was appointed a
member of the
committee to whom the subject was referred, and that committee reported
a bill which passed into a law, and which established the common school
system of
Ohio. To us, at this day, it seems a matter of astonishment, that such
a system should meet with opposition; yet such was the fact. It was
deemed as a daring
infringement on the rights of property as a tyrannical and unjust law,
which drew money from the pockets of the wealthy to educate the children
of other
men. The poor were appealed to, and were told by those who opposed the
law, that their children were to be educated at pauper schools, and
their pride was
thus aroused to resistance; and, at the next election, the clamor became
so great that many of the friends of the school system were sent into
retirement. The
colleague of Mr. Holt went down in the contest, and the judge was
reelected, chiefly from the fact that his services in securing the
passage of the law for the
construction of the Miami canal, in which his constituents felt a deep
interest, gained him a popularity which ill-founded clamor could not
shake. He was
reelected to the legislature at the next section.
In 1827, during the palmy days of the militia system, Mr. Holt was
elected brigadier general, and for some years commanded one of the
finest brigades in the
state.
At the annual election in 1828, Mr. Holt was elected to the state
senate, and served during the sessions of 1828-29 and 1829-30. He was
chairman of the
committee on internal improvements, then one of the most important in
that body. During the last session of which Mr. Holt was a member of
the legislature,
he was elected president judge of the circuit court, in which he had
practiced law, and served during the constitutional term of seven
years. At the
commencement of his term of service on the bench, the circuit was
composed of the counties of Montgomery, Clark, Champaign, Logan, Miami, Darke,
Shelby and Mercer. The counties of Allen and Putnam were subsequently
attached to the first circuit, over which Judge Holt presided, in lieu
of Clark,
Champaign and Logan, which were transferred to the seventh circuit.
At the end of his service as president judge, Judge Holt partially
resumed the practice of law, and, during which time, under appointment
of the court, he
served on year as prosecuting attorney of Montgomery county, one year in
the same office in Mercer, and two terms in the same station in the
county of Van
Wert.
At the session of the legislature of 1842-í43, Judge Holt was again
called to the bench, by a reelection to the office of president judge of
the same circuit, and
served out his constitutional term.
During the interval between his first and second term as presiding judge
of the common pleas court of his circuit, Judge Holt divided his time
between his
practice and agriculture, and stock growing, of which latter he was
always passionately fond, and spent large sums in improving the breed of
cattle he having
introduced into the counties of Miami, Mercer and Montgomery, the first
thorough bred short-horned Durham cattle part of which time he filled the
honorable station of president of the agricultural society of Montgomery count.
At the breaking out of the cholera in Dayton, during the summer of 1849,
it became an object of much concern, to have an able and energetic board
of health,
that the fell ravages of the disease might be stayed; Judge Holt having
been among the earliest and constant volunteers to visit and minister to
the relief of the
sufferers was made president of the board; in which capacity his
services were constant, efficient, and highly valued by the citizens.
During the spring of 1850, in casting around for a man, at once
available for his personal worth and popularity, and with an enlarged
mind, to be the candidate
of the democratic party, in a county where the tide of popular favor
runs in a contrary direction, Judge Holt was found to possess all the
requisites, and he
received the nomination, and was elected to the important station of
delegate to revise, amend or change the constitution of the state. On
his arrival in
Columbus, he met Jacob Blickensderfer, of Tuscarawas, who had
participated as a member from the county he represented in the house of representatives
during the important session of 1824-í25. From the adjournment of that
legislature, Judge Holt and Mr. Blickensderfer had never met, until they came
together as delegates to form a new constitution for the state, for
which they had aided, a quarter of a century since, in giving a canal
policy and a school
system, which have stood the test of time, and have aided much in
bringing Ohio to its present proud position.
As president judge of the first judicial circuit, Judge Holt gained an
enviable reputation. He ranked, before his election to the bench, as a
sound lawyer, and to
that we soon added the highest reputation of an able and impartial
judge. During a service of fourteen years, in the service of the state,
as presiding judge of a
circuit distinguished for the legal talent of its bar, it is a high
compliment to say, that he gave entire satisfaction, and that, popular
as he ever has been as a man,
his popularity as a judge exceeded it.
For forty-four years past, Judge Holt has been a member of the
Presbyterian church, and although far from being a bigot in his
religion, has ever been
recognized as a sincere Christian. While on the bench he saw, in worst
form, the evils of intemperance, and he was among the early, and he has
ever been the
steady friend of the temperance cause.
The mind of Judge Holt, as we before intimated, is less showy than
solid. The distinguishing traits are a subjection of all questions to a
philosophic test;
industry in investigation, and a persevering pursuit of and rigid
adherence to the just and true. In his domestic attachments, ardent and
constant; ready and
reliable in his friendships; and an active philanthropist. In politics
he is a democrat, with a strong tendency to radicalism. In the
convention he was at the
head of the committee on jurisprudence, and though a silent member, yet
if we mistake not, his impress for influence and utility, in the result
of its
deliberations, will be found deep and enduring.
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