Ohio County, West Virginia  Biography of Major Samuel McColloch.

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MAJOR SAMUEL McCOLLOCH

From:  MYERS' HISTORY OF WEST VIRGINIA, Volume 1, Chapter XVIII,
pages 298-302.  Compiled by  S. Myers, 1915.  Published by The 
Wheeling News Lithograph Company. 
 
The greater portion of the following information regarding the 
history of the McCollochs is taken from DeHass' Indian Wars. This 
sketch relates principally to Samuel McColloch, though, incidentally, 
other members of the family will be mentioned in this chapter. There 
were two Major McCollochs -- John and Samuel -- and for a time it was 
erroneously believed by many that John was the one who made the 
famous leap over the precipice at Wheeling at the point now known as 
McColloch's Leap. But DeHass has produced evidence which shows 
conclusively that Samuel was tbe hero of this episode. It might seem 
strange to us at this time that there could be any question about the 
identity of persons so well known as the McCollochs were in and about 
Wheeling. But when we consider the fact that but few written 
memoranda were made by the first settlers, and these were usually of 
such vague natures to often cause confusion, and that the rest of our 
information has been handed down by word of mouth from generation to 
generation, dependent upon fickle memory, it is not strange that 
discrepancies occur here and there in the annals of West Virginia. 

The McColloch family, we are told, was one of the earliest that 
settled on Short Creek.  There were originally three brothers, 
Abraham, Samuel and John, and two sisters. Colonel Ebenezer Zane 
married Elizabeth, "whose life was a model of gentleness, virtue and 
love. Of the brothers, no men were more respected by their neighbors, 
or more dreaded by the Indians. Abraham was the eldest, Samuel next, 
and John the third." Samuel was a noted Indian scout and hunter and 
in this capacity he had but few, if any, superiors. To such scouts as 
Samuel McColloch, Lewis Wetzel, Ebenezer Zane, Daniel Boone, and a 
few others of their kind, the early settlements often owed their very 
existence, for these settlements could not long have survived the 
frequent attacks of the savages had it not been for these faithful 
"watch dogs" of the forests. But there was a large territory to 
guard; the foe were many, and comparatively few competent scouts. It 
can not, therefore, be considered strange that the Indian's sometimes 
slipped by unnoticed by these scouts, and the first notice or warning 
the settlers had of their presence was the terrible savage war-cry. 
As a mark of appreciation of his services, Samuel McColloch was 
commissioned Major in 1775. 

Reference has been made elsewhere in this book to the part taken by 
our hero in the battle between the whites and the savages at 
Wheeling, September 2nd, 1777.
 
It will be remembered that the Indians drove the gallant Major to the 
summit of a lofty hill, which overhangs the present city of Wheeling, 
now known as McColloch's Leap. Realizing that if he should not 
succeed in escaping his savage pursuers his fate would be sealed, he 
strained every muscle of his noble steed to gain the summit and then 
escape along the brow in direction of Van Meter's fort on Short 
Creek.  Having reached the top, he galloped ahead of his pursuers 
until he reached the point of the hill near the late crossing of the 
old Cumberland road. Here he encountered a large body of Indians who 
were just returning from a plundering expedition among the 
settlements. 

This placed him in a very critical situation.  Escape seemed almost 
an impossibility, either in the direction of Short Creek or back to 
the bottom. The hill at this point is about three hundred feet in 
height, and at that time was, in many places, almost perpendicular. 
The savage horde was pressing upon the Major, determined upon his 
capture. To hesitate longer meant sure death at the stake. To leap 
over the fearful precipice seemed equally fatal; so quickly adjusting 
himself in his saddle, grasping securely the bridle with his left 
hand and supporting his rifle in the right, he forced his horse to 
make the leap!  Down, down, they went, crashing through timber and 
tumbling over rocks, while the savages peered over the precipice, no 
doubt in hopeful expectation that their bitter enemy had at last been 
killed. But to their wonder and amazement, they saw the invulnerable 
Major on his white steed, galloping across the bottom, safe from 
pursuit! 

Many other interesting stories of adventure are told of the Major, 
but they are not sufficiently authentic to warrant our repeating 
here.
 
"Towards the end of July, 1782, indications of Indians having been 
noticed by some of the settlers, Major Samuel McColloch and his 
brother John mounted their horses and left Van Meter's fort to 
ascertain the correctness of the report. They crossed Short Creek and 
continued in the direction of Wheeling, but inclined towards the 
river.   They scouted closely, but cautiously, and not discovering 
any such 'signs' as had been stated, descended to the bottom at a 
point on the farm owned by the late Alfred P. Woods, about two miles 
above Wheeling, They then passed up the river to the mouth of Short 
Creek, and thence up Girty's Point in the direction of Van Meter's. 
(Note: Girty's Point is a short distance of from the Ohio River, and 
is the abrupt termination of one of the elevated ridges. It derived 
its name from Girty, the white renegade. It was his favorite route 
into the interior. The path first made by the Indians is still in use 
by the people of the neighborhood. -DeHass).
 
"Not discovering any indications of the enemy, the brothers were 
riding leisurely along, on July 30th, 1782, and when a short distance 
beyond the point a deadly discharge of rifles took place, killing 
Major McColloch instantly. His brother John escaped, but his horse 
was killed. Immediately mounting that of his brother, he made off, to 
give the alarm. As yet no enemy had been seen; but turning in his 
saddle, after riding fifty yards, he saw the path was filled with 
Indians and one fellow in the act of scalping the unfortunate Major. 
Quick as thought, the rifle of John was at his shoulder, and in an 
instant more the savage was rolling in the agonies of death. John 
escaped to the fort unhurt, with the exception of a slight wound on 
his hip.      
 
"On the following day, a party of men from Van Meter's fort went out 
and gathered up the mutilated remains, of Major McColloch.
 
"Major John McColloch was, perhaps, quite as brave and true as his 
brother. He did ample service in the cause of our long struggle for 
independence, and a more devoted patriot could not be found. He 
filled many important posts of honor and trust and was generally 
respected. The early records of Ohio County show that he acted a 
conspicuous part on the bench and otherwise. 

"Major Samuel McColloch married a Miss Mitchell, and had only enjoyed 
the wedded life six months at the time of his death. His widow 
married Andrew Woods." 


Contributed by Linda Cunningham Fluharty.